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√ When glass fiber reinforced materials need to be white
√ When your customer adds white masterbatch to the reinforced material
√ When the impact resistance of the reinforced material suddenly drops
√ When the bending strength of the material decreases
★ You should realize there's an issue between titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and glass fibers.
Titanium dioxide (TiO₂), as a core component of color masterbatches, is widely used for coloring polymer materials. However, in glass fiber (GF)-reinforced composite systems, its interfacial interaction with glass fibers may induce structural damage. This study systematically quantifies the impact of TiO₂ on glass fibers and the key mechanical properties of composites through experiments.
Long glass fibers
Short glass fibers
Glass fiber powder
Experimental evidence confirms that TiO₂ particles mechanically abrade glass fibers during processing, leading to microcracks on the fiber surface and, in severe cases, fiber breakage. The extent of damage is positively correlated with TiO₂ particle size, loading amount, and dispersion uniformity.
Mohs Hardness Scale Comparison
Glass fiber hardness: ~6.5
TiO₂ hardness: 6-7
√ During pelletizing, the twin-screw extruder acts like a blade, cutting glass fibers to 1mm—resulting in plastic pellets.
√ During injection molding, the screw acts like a blade, further reducing glass fibers to 0.4-0.6mm—resulting in plastic products.
√ When TiO₂ acts like a blade, it shatters glass fibers into fragments, causing a rapid decline in impact strength.
Unnotched Impact Strength:
TiO₂ reduces impact strength by ≥25%. Primary causes:
▶ Glass fiber breakage weakens the load-bearing framework.
▶ Stress concentration at TiO₂/GF interfaces.
▶ Rapid crack propagation along damaged fibers.
Notched Impact Strength:
Although notch behavior dominates failure, TiO₂ still reduces strength by 8-15%, reflecting its weakening effect on material toughness reserves.
90% of commercial masterbatches contain TiO₂ (5-40% loading). Direct use in GF-reinforced systems irreversibly damages fiber integrity, leading to degraded impact performance in final products.
▶ Avoid TiO₂ in non-essential coloring scenarios.
▶ If necessary, consider Longzheng's specialized white material solution:
▶ Longzheng's specially developed white pigment not only prevents the decline in impact and tensile strength but, as experimental results show, even enhances these properties compared to the original uncolored material.